At present, from south to north, there is a thriving scene of spring plowing preparations across the country. Agricultural machinery is the main force in spring plowing production and an important force in my country's new agricultural productivity. A few days ago, reporters learned from the Agricultural Mechanization Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs that this spring, more than 23 million tractors (sets), land preparation tools, seeders, rice cultivation and transplanting and other agricultural machinery and equipment will be put into production across the country. Agricultural machinery systems across the country are under tight pressure. Pay attention to machinery and equipment, operator teams, and operation organizations, strengthen agricultural machinery operation service guarantees, and fully escort spring plowing, laying the foundation and confidence for a good start and a good start for the annual grain harvest.
Promote advanced agricultural machinery to empower spring plowing and planting
Farming is a critical stage of agricultural production in the year. In March this year, Jiao Kui, a major grain grower in Qiaocheng District, Bozhou City, Anhui Province, drove a tractor to plow the land. He said proudly: "Don't say that my rotary plowing is not straight anymore. Since I installed Beidou Navigation, it is now extremely straight and farming has become easier. You just step on the accelerator and let the Navigation do the rest!"
During this year's spring plowing, a large number of intelligent and green agricultural machinery and equipment have been put into production, demonstrating their strong momentum. More than 2 million agricultural machinery are equipped with the Beidou terminal system, and the operating efficiency and accuracy have reached the international advanced level; Hebei, Heilongjiang and other places have used high-performance precision seeders in recent years; 240-horsepower and 320-horsepower continuously variable speed tractors are used in Beidahuang Put into use; more than 150,000 plant protection drones make plant protection efficient and easy...
In Jilin's black land protective farming area, experts are carrying out maintenance of no-till seeders. "We should focus on overhauling the seeding mechanism, inspecting the single four-bar linkage mechanism, cleaning the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer discharger groove wheel and checking whether the fertilizer discharger is damaged..." Executive Deputy Secretary-General of the Black Soil Protection and Utilization Science and Technology Innovation Alliance , researcher Li Shechao said.
Plant one grain of millet in spring and harvest ten thousand grains in autumn. High-quality sowing is the basis for a bumper grain harvest. In recent years, the Department of Agricultural Mechanization Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has guided various regions to accelerate the promotion and application of high-performance seeders, reasonably increase planting density, and effectively improve the quality of machine sowing.
As early as last year, corn precision seeders developed by China Agricultural University were used in corn planting in hilly and mountainous areas such as Sichuan and Chongqing, which successfully solved the problems of uneven sowing depth, dropped seeds, and missed sowing in hilly and mountainous areas. However, in Qu County, Sichuan Province, because the local soil is more sticky, ditching parts and fertilizer pipes are easily clogged. "We have specially developed a new generation of viscosity-reducing and desorbing soil-embedded components, which will come in handy this spring," said Yang Li, a professor at China Agricultural University.
This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with the Ministry of Finance, will implement a new round of subsidy policies for the purchase and application of agricultural machinery, open up a "green channel" for the identification of urgently needed agricultural machinery, support some provinces in carrying out integrated pilot projects for agricultural machinery R&D, manufacturing, promotion and application, and provide high-performance seeders and other large-scale The area yield improvement equipment should be optimized and supplemented, and the application of advanced agricultural machinery in the front line of production should be accelerated.
Cultivate agricultural machinery craftsmen and take root in the fields
The professional ability and quality of agricultural machinery operators directly determine the quality and efficiency of agricultural machinery equipment operations. On the track of spring plowing, a large number of agricultural machinery craftsmen from various places show their skills in the fields through various forms of training and competition.
Luo Jigang is the chairman of the Dongri Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Luoshan County, Henan Province, and an agricultural machinery operator. He has been dealing with agricultural machinery for 14 years and is very proficient in operating agricultural machinery. "I can operate all agricultural machinery such as harvesters, tractors, and rice transplanters," Luo Jigang said.
In recent years, our country has improved the capabilities of agricultural machinery operators through high-quality farmer training, industry training, and competitions. However, the high-quality development of agriculture in the new era requires the capabilities of agricultural machinery operators to keep pace with the times.
"The new unmanned agricultural machinery in recent years has a certain knowledge. Fortunately, the government provides training every year during the important seasons of spring plowing and the 'Three Summers'." Luo Jigang said.
Wang Canjun, 33, is a manager of Xulaosan Family Farm in Jiangsu Province and an agricultural machinery operator. He believes that the entry barrier for agricultural machinery operators is not high and simple operation is fine. However, there is still a shortage of top-notch agricultural machinery operators and they need to be cultivated slowly.
Agricultural machinery operators are a highly seasonal occupation. How to make agricultural machinery operators "retainable and willing to work" is an important aspect that must be considered.
Wang Canjun became a company project manager after graduating from university, but later chose to work on a family farm. As for the career of agricultural machinery operator, he said: "There are many agricultural machinery operators in the farm in the short term, but few in the long term. Most of the short-term skills are not very good, but The long-term cost of agricultural machinery operators is too high. In fact, most agricultural machinery operators are still willing to work in the long term, taking care of food and housing, and with a guaranteed income. In the short term, they need to go out to find odd jobs except during the busy farming season. "At the same time, he believes that large farms need some. Management and technical personnel join in and use management project thinking to do agriculture.
This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will vigorously promote the implementation of professional agricultural machinery operator training actions, focusing on important mechanization technologies needed to increase yields in large areas, and carry out practical training and operational drills. At the same time, we will strengthen the training and incentive measures for agricultural machinery operators, and build a team of agricultural machinery operators who are capable, willing and capable of doing well.
Jianqiang Agricultural Machinery Organization Serves Emergency Production
At present, more than 200 agricultural machinery from Chongqing Taoyi Agricultural Machinery Cooperative are helping farmers in Chongqing, Sichuan and other places to cultivate land and raise rice seedlings. "We serve farmers from all over the country in different aspects of farming, planting, management and harvesting through semi-managed or full-managed services," said Li Gang, chairman of the cooperative.
Agricultural machinery operation service organizations are an important force in spring plowing production. By the end of 2022, there will be 196,000 agricultural machinery service organizations nationwide, including 78,000 agricultural machinery professional cooperatives.
In recent years, droughts, floods and other extreme weather events have occurred frequently, and agricultural machinery has become the main force in emergency disaster relief. Relying on agricultural machinery organizations and other organizations across the country, various regions have actively established regular agricultural machinery emergency operation service teams, which have played an important role in emergency harvesting and drying and farmland water drainage. Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province has 11 districts and towns under its jurisdiction and has established 11 agricultural machinery emergency operation service squadrons.
"The service team is used for both emergency and emergency purposes. It plays its role as the main force of production in normal times and can be deployed, rushed and managed at critical moments." said Chen Lifeng, director of the Kunshan Agricultural Mechanization Technology Promotion Station.
Since last year, in order to further improve agricultural production and disaster relief capabilities, various regions have relied on strong agricultural machinery operation service organizations to cultivate regional agricultural machinery socialized service centers, and selected those with outstanding disaster relief capabilities to further build regional agricultural emergency and disaster relief centers. Zhejiang Province promotes the construction of regional agricultural machinery socialization service centers according to three categories: provincial, regional and site. Currently, more than 1,300 have been built, including more than 280 at the provincial and regional levels.
"Full-process mechanized operation service is the core '1'. On this basis, we will expand multiple functions such as centralized seedling cultivation, drying and processing, agricultural input services, straw processing, agricultural technology services, refrigeration and preservation, etc. to form a '1+X' model, which will save the province The level must have at least '1+6' functions and a radiation of 10 kilometers (covering more than 2 towns and villages), and the regional level must have at least '1+3' functions and a radiation of 5 kilometers. Hilly mountainous areas and island counties can lower the standards appropriately based on actual conditions. "Introduced Jia Yongyi, Director of the Agricultural Mechanization Development Division of the Zhejiang Provincial Animal Husbandry and Agricultural Machinery Development Center.
As of March this year, more than 2,650 provincial-level regional agricultural machinery socialized service centers have been built across the country. This year, on this basis, various regions will equip disaster relief machinery and equipment, build a strong operation service team, enhance agricultural disaster prevention, reduction and relief capabilities, and strengthen agricultural production. and continue to play a key role in emergency and disaster relief.
Gathering forces from multiple parties to strengthen service guarantee
For agricultural machinery to operate smoothly, the service guarantees behind it such as supply and demand docking, maintenance and refueling, road access, and weather forecasts must also keep up. This requires joint guarantees from local governments and relevant departments.
Strengthening departmental collaboration in various places has created an effective synergy. Agricultural and rural departments in Anhui and other places have strengthened communication with meteorological departments to push weather information in a timely manner. Jiangsu Provincial Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department coordinated with the petroleum and petrochemical industry to implement the "three excellent and one exemption" service measures of priority refueling, preferential supply, high-quality services, and free processing.
Timely maintenance of agricultural machinery is very important to seize the farming season. According to statistics, there are more than 140,000 agricultural machinery maintenance factories and repair points in my country, and more than 280,000 agricultural machinery maintenance personnel. In addition, local auto repair stores can also provide service guarantees for agricultural machinery maintenance.
Some large cooperatives have dedicated agricultural machinery maintenance service personnel. Li Gang first started out as an agricultural machinery repairer. Today, more than 200 agricultural machinery and equipment in the cooperative are repaired and maintained in the cooperative. There are also some cooperatives that, considering labor costs, perform maintenance and repairs through dealers or specialized repair points. The Agricultural Machinery Center of Luoshan County, Henan Province has explored the establishment of agricultural machinery maintenance service teams, and organized and established 12 agricultural machinery maintenance service teams relying on local agricultural machinery distribution enterprises. Each team is led by a party member and covers 2-3 relatively concentrated towns. If there is a demand, it is directly reflected in the WeChat group, and the maintenance team will be dispatched immediately to provide door-to-door maintenance services.
“This year, agricultural machinery departments at all levels in various places have prepared suitable machines and tools in advance, organized operation teams, and strengthened technical support to ensure that machine tool operators are put into production operations in good condition. At the same time, they continue to strengthen cooperation with departments such as meteorology, transportation, industry and information technology, and petroleum and petrochemicals. , and effectively carry out specific work such as weather forecast and early warning, road maintenance and smooth supply, and oil supply concessions to ensure the smooth and efficient operation of agricultural machinery and provide strong mechanization support for agricultural production throughout the year. "Related to the Agricultural Mechanization Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. personnel said.
